Air Conditioning Industry Regulations

Air Conditioning Industry Regulations

Stay up-to-date with the latest news in air conditioning industry regulations.

The Latest in HVAC Efficiency and Refrigerant Regulatory Changes

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The HVAC industry is preparing for the next round of refrigerant and efficiency regulations for air conditioning and heat pumps.  Although the industry has a significant amount of experience in increasing efficiency and transitioning to new refrigerants, the timing and uncertainty have made this regulatory cycle more complex.

The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol
Federal HFC Legislation
California Air Resources Board (CARB)
Refrigerant Safety Standards & Codes
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Federal Energy Efficiency Requirements Increasing in 2023

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has the authority to establish minimum efficiency standards for air conditioning and heat pump equipment. The next set of energy efficiency increases will impact both residential and commercial rooftop equipment.

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Regulations Continue to Drive HFC Refrigerant Phase-Down

The regulation of refrigerants continues to be a source of great uncertainty in the HVAC industry. As global, national and state regulations have targeted the phase-down of HFCs in recent years, the industry has seen a shift toward alternative refrigerants with lower global warming potential (GWP). 

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Commercial Air Conditioning

Commercial rooftop efficiency is represented as Integrated Energy Efficiency Ratio (IEER). The 2023 federal minimum efficiency is increasing again in 2023 and is roughly a 15% increase relative to the 2018 efficiency levels. 

Residential  Air Conditioning / Heat Pump Energy Efficiency Standards 

The tables below show the minimums for residential air conditioning and heat pumps currently, and the new minimums taking effect in 2023.  Along with the increase in efficiency, a new test procedure will also be entering into force: 10 CFR Appendix M1 to Subpart B of Part 430 - Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps. Systems tested for this method will use the new nomenclature SEER2/HSPF2/EER2.

Because of the new test procedure, the increase in efficiency is not as transparent as in the past, but effectively there is a 1 SEER increase for both the north and south. To better correlate the old and new, the 2023 table below includes the new SEER2/HSPF2/EER2 and the equivalent SEER/HSPF/EER values in parenthesis.

Transition dates vary for the north and south. In the north, split systems manufactured ahead of January 1, 2023 are okay to sell through.  In the south, split systems must meet new energy efficiency minimums to be installed after Jan 1, 2023.

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Residential Efficiency Requirements Map

Minimums for Residential Air Conditioning and Heat Pumps

Today – Appendix M

All

North

South

Southwest

Type

HSPF

SEER

SEER

SEER

EER

AC

-

13

14

14

12.2/11.7*

Heat Pump

8.2

14

14

14

-

Packaged Units

8.0

14

14

14

11

*11.7 EER limit for equipment ≥ 45K BTU/Hr

2023 – Appendix M1

All

North

South

Southwest

Type

HSPF2 (HSPF)

SEER2 (SEER)

SEER2 (SEER)

SEER2 (SEER)

EER2 (EER)

AC < 45K BTU/Hr

-

13.4 (14)

14.3 (15)

14.3 (15)

11.7 (12.2) /
9.8* (10.2)

*NewAC > 45K BTU/Hr

-

13.4 (14)

13.8 (14.5)

13.8 (14.5)

11.2 (11.7) /
9.8* (10.2)

Heat Pump

7.5 (8.8)

14.3 (15)

14.3 (15)

14.3 (15)

-

Packaged Units

6.7 (8.0)

13.4 (14)

13.4 (14)

13.4 (14)

10.6 (11)

*9.8 EER2 limit for equipment ≥ 15.2 SEER2  

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